Gabatarwa da Tarihin Kamfanin Palmcredit a Najeriya
A cikin duniyar fasahar zamani da ke ci gaba da bunkasa, kamfanonin ba da lamuni ta dijital sun zama wani muhimmin bangare na harkokin kudi a Najeriya, suna ba da damar samun kudi cikin sauki da sauri. Daga cikin irin wadannan kamfanoni, Palmcredit ya fito fili a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa. Kamfanin, wanda Newedge Finance Limited ke gudanarwa, an kafa shi ne a shekarar 2017 kuma yana da hedikwata a Legas. Babban manufar Palmcredit ita ce samar da lamuni na sirri mara jingina ga mutane ta hanyar dijital, musamman ma masu amfani da wayoyin hannu. Yana aiki gaba daya ta yanar gizo, wanda ke nufin babu bukatar jingina ko kuma takardu masu yawa kamar yadda aka saba a bankuna na gargajiya.
Tsarin kasuwancin Palmcredit ya ta'allaka ne kan samar da lamuni na gaggawa, wanda ya dace da ma'aikata masu albashi, 'yan kasuwa, da kuma mutanen da ke neman kudi na gajeren lokaci don biyan bukatunsu. Babban abin da ke jawo hankalin mutane zuwa Palmcredit shi ne saurin bayar da lamuni da kuma saukin tsarin aikace-aikace. Tun daga kafuwarsa, Palmcredit ya yi nasarar gina wani babban tushe na abokan ciniki, inda ya wuce miliyan biyu masu amfani a fadin kasar. Waɗannan masu amfani galibi mutane ne masu amfani da wayoyin salula a birane, masu shekaru tsakanin 18 zuwa 55, waɗanda ke da lambar BVN (Bank Verification Number) mai inganci da kuma asusun ajiyar banki.
Ci gaban Palmcredit ya kasance mai sauri, inda aikace-aikacensa ya samu zazzagewa sama da miliyan goma a kan Google Play Store. Wannan nasarar ta nuna yadda mutane ke matukar bukatar lamuni cikin gaggawa da kuma yadda fasahar dijital ta saukaka samun kudi. Ko da yake ba a bayyana sunan Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa (CEO) a fili ba, kamfanin yana da manyan jami'ai a sassan daban-daban kamar shugaban sashen karba bashi (Collections Team Lead) da kuma manajan reshe, wadanda ke tabbatar da gudanar da ayyukan kamfanin yadda ya kamata a duk fadin Najeriya.
Samfurorin Lamuni, Kudin Ruwa, da Sharuddan Palmcredit
Palmcredit yana ba da nau'ikan lamuni na sirri da aka tsara don biyan bukatun abokan cinikinsa daban-daban. Babban samfurin su shine Lamuni na Sirri na Gaggawa (Quick Personal Loans). Adadin lamunin da za a iya samu yana farawa daga ₦2,000 kuma yana iya kaiwa ₦300,000 ta hanyar aikace-aikacen Android na yau da kullun. Duk da haka, akwai wasu nau'ikan aikace-aikacen da ke ba da damar neman lamuni har zuwa ₦800,000, wanda ya nuna girman tsarin su na ba da lamuni ga masu amfani da su.
Game da lokacin biya (tenors), Palmcredit yana ba da sassaucin ra'ayi, tare da zabin biya tsakanin kwanaki 91 zuwa kwanaki 365. Amma a zahiri, yawancin lamuni ana bayar da su ne tsakanin makonni 12 zuwa 26, wanda ke ba da isasshen lokaci don sake biya ba tare da tsangwama ba. Wannan sassaucin lokaci yana daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa mutane da yawa ke zabar Palmcredit a matsayin mafita ga matsalolin kudi na gajeren lokaci.
Muhimmin al'amari da ya kamata masu neman lamuni su sani shine
Dangane da kuɗaɗe (fees), Palmcredit ya bayyana cewa ba ya cajin kudin farawa (origination fees) ko kuma kudin ma'amala (transaction fees), kuma lamunin nasu ba ya buƙatar jingina. Wannan yana sa lamunin ya zama mai saukin kai. Sai dai kuma, ba a bayyana kuɗaɗen biyan lamuni a makare ba a fili, kuma akwai rahotannin masu amfani da ke nuna cewa ana iya samun karin kudin ruwa ba tare da sanarwa ba ko kuma cire kuɗi daga asusun banki ba tare da izini ba idan aka kasa biya a kan lokaci. Wannan yana nuna bukatar a yi taka-tsan-tsan da kuma bin diddigin duk wata ma'amala da aka yi da kamfanin.
Tsarin Aiwatar da Lamuni, Aikace-aikacen Wayar Hannu, da Kuma Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka
Tsarin neman lamuni a Palmcredit an tsara shi ne don zama mai sauki da kuma gaggawa, gaba daya ta hanyar dijital. Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu na neman lamuni: ta hanyar Aikace-aikacen Wayar Hannu (Mobile App) da kuma Gidan Yanar Gizo (Web App). Aikace-aikacen Android, wanda aka sani da "Palmcredit-instant loan online," yana da kima mai kyau na taurari 4.5 daga cikin 5, kuma ya samu zazzagewa sama da miliyan 10 a kan Google Play Store. An kuma kaddamar da aikace-aikacen iOS mai suna "Palmcredit Plus" wanda ke goyan bayan lamuni har zuwa ₦1,000,000, yana fadada isar da sabis ɗin ga masu amfani da iPhone.
Don yin rajista da neman lamuni, dole ne mai nema ya cika wasu buƙatu na KYC (Know Your Customer). Wadannan sun hada da samar da lambar BVN mai inganci, ID na Najeriya mai inganci, hada asusun banki, da kuma tabbatar da lambar waya ta hanyar lambar SMS. Da zarar an cika wadannan buƙatun, tsarin tabbatarwa yana faruwa nan take ta hanyar amfani da tsarin Palmcredit na musamman na tantance darajar bashi (credit-scoring model). Wannan tsarin yana amfani da bayanan wayar salula, tarihin bashi, da kuma alamun halayen zamantakewa don tantance cancantar lamuni da kuma adadin da za a iya bayarwa. Iyakokin lamuni da kudin ruwa na iya canzawa dangane da tarihin biyan lamuni a kan lokaci.
Bayan amincewa da lamuni, ana fitar da kuɗin nan take zuwa asusun banki da aka haɗa. Palmcredit ba ya ba da damar karɓar kuɗi a hannu. Dangane da karɓar biyan lamuni, kamfanin yana amfani da tsarin tunatarwa ta atomatik ta SMS da kuma cikin aikace-aikace. Sai dai kuma, akwai rahotannin masu amfani da ke nuna cewa tsarin karɓar lamunin na iya zama mai tsauri, tare da kiraye-kiraye akai-akai da kuma rahotanni na cire kuɗi daga asusu ba tare da izini ba ko kuma ƙirƙirar "lamuni na fatalwa" wanda ba a nema ba. Wannan yana nuna bukatar a yi taka-tsan-tsan da tsaro a cikin ma'amaloli na kudi.
Game da matsayin tsaro da lasisi, Palmcredit yana aiki ne a karkashin lasisin kamfanin kudi na CBN (Central Bank of Nigeria) da Newedge Finance Limited ke da shi. Yana kuma da amincewar sharaɗi daga FCCPC (Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission) a matsayin mai ba da lamuni ta dijital. Wannan yana nufin yana karkashin ka'idojin CBN na "Tsarin Tsaro na Farko na Dijital na 2022" da aka kafa don kare masu amfani. Ko da yake ba shi da lasisi kai tsaye daga CBN a matsayin bankin ajiyar kudi ko bankin sabis na biyan kuɗi, matsayinsa na lasisi yana ba shi damar yin aiki bisa ka'ida a Najeriya.
Matsayin Kasuwa, Masu Fafatawa, da Kwarewar Abokan Ciniki
A cikin yanayin kasuwar lamuni ta dijital ta Najeriya mai cike da gasa, Palmcredit ya samu matsayi mai muhimmanci. Yana daya daga cikin manyan aikace-aikacen lamuni guda bakwai a Najeriya dangane da kimar masu amfani. Babban abin da ke bambanta shi daga sauran masu fafatawa shi ne
Masu fafatawa na Palmcredit a Najeriya sun haɗa da manyan sunaye kamar FairMoney, Carbon, Renmoney, Branch, Moneypal, da XpressCash. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan kamfanoni yana da nasa abubuwan ban sha'awa, kamar girman aikace-aikacen, tsarin amfani (user interface), da kuma iyakar adadin lamunin da za a iya bayarwa. Palmcredit yana ci gaba da inganta ayyukansa, gami da kara iyakar lamuni zuwa ₦1,000,000, da kuma binciken yiwuwar haɗin gwiwa don haɗa sabis na kuɗi na wayar hannu (mobile money integration) da kuma fadada zuwa wasu kasashe a Yammacin Afirka a nan gaba.
Kwarewar abokan ciniki da martanin da aka samu suna da mahimmanci wajen tantance ingancin sabis na Palmcredit. A kan Google Play Store, aikace-aikacen Palmcredit yana da matsakaicin kima na taurari 4.5 daga cikin 5 daga masu dubawa sama da 206,000. Wannan yana nuna gabaɗaya gamsuwa daga yawancin masu amfani. Sai dai kuma, a kan iOS App Store, an samu ra'ayoyi mabambanta, tare da wasu masu amfani da ke koka game da yawan kudin ruwa da kuma matsalar aikace-aikacen.
Abubuwan da aka fi yawan koka game da su sun haɗa da zargin cire kuɗi ba tare da izini ba, "lamuni na fatalwa" (lamuni da aka sanya wa mutum ba tare da nemansa ba), lissafin kudin ruwa maras tabbas, da kuma jinkirin warware matsalolin abokan ciniki. Ayyukan sabis na abokan ciniki na Palmcredit yana samuwa ta hanyar tattaunawa ta cikin aikace-aikace da kuma imel. Duk da haka, rahotannin masu amfani sun nuna cewa sau da yawa ana samun jinkiri wajen warware matsaloli, kuma amsoshin da aka bayar na iya zama kamar rubutattun amsoshi ne kawai (scripted responses). Duk da waɗannan korafe-korafe, akwai kuma labarai masu kyau daga masu amfani da suka yaba da yadda lamunin ya taimaka musu wajen samun kudi na gaggawa a lokutan bukata, da kuma yadda darajar bashinsu ta karu saboda biyan lamuni a kan lokaci.
Shawarwari ga Masu Neman Lamuni da Kammalawa
Yin amfani da lamuni ta dijital kamar Palmcredit na iya zama mai amfani sosai, musamman ga waɗanda ke buƙatar kuɗi cikin gaggawa. Amma yana da matukar muhimmanci a yi taka-tsan-tsan da kuma fahimtar duk sharuɗɗan kafin karɓar kowane lamuni. Ga wasu shawarwari masu amfani ga masu neman lamuni:
- Karanta Sharuddan sosai: Kafin ka karɓi lamuni, tabbatar ka karanta kuma ka fahimci duk sharuɗɗan da aka bayar, musamman ma game da kudin ruwa, lokacin biya, da kuma kowane irin kuɗi na ɓoye.
- Fahimtar APR: Kashi na Shekara-shekara (APR) yana ba da cikakken hoto na kuɗin lamuni. Tabbatar ka fahimci yadda za a lissafta wannan adadin.
- Nemi Lamuni gwargwadon Iko: Kada ka nemi lamunin da ya fi karfin ikonka na biya. Yi lissafi mai kyau don tabbatar da cewa za ka iya biyan lamunin a kan lokaci.
- A Kiyaye da Kuɗaɗen ɓoye: Ko da yake Palmcredit ya ce babu kuɗaɗen farawa, a kula da yiwuwar kuɗaɗen biyan lamuni a makare da kuma yiwuwar karin kuɗin ruwa ba tare da sanarwa ba.
- Kiyaye Asusun Bankinka: A rika bin diddigin ma'amalolin asusun bankinka akai-akai don gano duk wata cire kudi ba tare da izini ba.
- Tuntubi Tallafin Abokin Ciniki: Idan kana da wata matsala ko tambaya, kada ka yi jinkirin tuntuɓar tallafin abokan ciniki na Palmcredit ta hanyoyin da suka bayar.
- Yi Amfani da Lamuni da Hikima: Lamuni na dijital an fi samar da su ne don bukatun gaggawa na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Kada a yi amfani da su don biyan bukatun alatu ko kuma matsalolin kudi na dogon lokaci.
A taƙaice, Palmcredit ya zama wani muhimmin tushe na samun lamuni a Najeriya, yana samar da kudi cikin sauri ga mutane da yawa. Tare da lasisin CBN na Newedge Finance Limited da kuma amincewar FCCPC, yana aiki bisa ka'ida. Duk da haka, kamar kowane kamfanin lamuni, yana da nasa kalubale, musamman game da kudin ruwa da kuma korafe-korafe daga abokan ciniki. Don haka, yana da mahimmanci ga masu neman lamuni su yi bincike mai zurfi, su fahimci duk sharuɗɗa, kuma su yi amfani da lamuni da hikima don guje wa shiga cikin matsalolin kudi.
